Research Article

Muhammad Zohaib

Published on : December 2025 | Volume : 2 Issue : 2

Abstract :

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the opportunistic microorganisms that can cause severe infections mainly in the immunocompromised individuals, cystic fibrosis and patients with burn wounds. It has developed mechanisms like quorum sensing and antibiotic resistance that makes the antimicrobials ineffective on it. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new drug candidates with altered therapeutic targets that can combat the antimicrobial resistance. The ribosomal protein S4 (rpsD) gene is involved in the synthesis of structural proteins of the ribosomes (S4 protein). Ribosomes are crucial in protein synthesis that are of key significance for cellular processes in the cell. If there is no protein synthesis, this will ultimately lead to the death of the cell. That’s why this gene have therapeutic potential when we think of a novel drug candidate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. In this study, our focus is to structurally and functionally annotate the rpsD gene, analyzing it with different bioinformatics tools to get to know of its therapeutic potential. GEO2R is used for the analysis of gene expression profiles of treated and normal samples. There is the use of 2 GEO datasets; GSE27674 (Protoanemonin-treated vs. untreated) and GSE39044 (PA2449 regulation, treated vs. nontreated) for the identification of differently expressed genes involved in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and to make it resistant. STRING and Cytoscape tools were used to check the protein-to-protein interactions. To elucidate the biological roles of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) pathway enrichment analysis (Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) was done. The miRNA/transcription factor analysis and molecular docking had helped with analysis of therapeutic potential of the compound that showed complementarity with the target. GEO2R has shown that in infected sample there are 877 DEGs from GSE27674 dataset, 438 gene were upregulated out of the 877 DEGs, on the other hand GSE39044 data set has revealed 1607 DEGs out of which 803 were upregulates. Protein to protein interaction has revealed that there are 10 hub genes RPSD, RMPE, RMPI, RPSU, among others, important in the infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pathway enrichment analysis has let us identified that quorum sensing and ribosomal function are associated with prognosis of disease caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The molecular docking has confirmed that PA4222 is a best target for a compound that shows complementarity to it.