Research Article

Eesha Naeem Chughtai, Syeda Hadia Gillani

Published on : December 2025 | Volume : 2 Issue : 2

Abstract :

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arthropod-borne alphavirus with dominance including Aedes aegypti together with Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. It has experienced a spectacular geographic growth out of Africa to Asia, Europe and the Americas since 2004. It is a single stranded, positive RNA virus, which is classified into four major genotypes with each having far reaching and severe epidemic patterns. Current systematic review applied Population, Exposure, and Outcome (PEO) framework was applied to understand the CHIKV transmission globally. A Web of causation was developed to understand the causal factors across different levels. This disease shows U-shaped risk and key trends. The infection presents clinically with an acute high fever, rash and severe polyarthralgia that may continue over long periods, months or even years resulting in a high level of disability that is persistent and severe in a large percentage of infected persons. The proliferation of efficient vectors of the mosquito that is further enhanced by globalization, increased human mobility and climate change still supports the spread and the resurrection of the virus. Current study shows the urgent need to enhance surveillance, enhanced strategies to control the vectors and the process of creating specific antiviral therapies and effective vaccines.